金融法中混业“但书”规定之反思

金融法中混业“但书”规定之反思

A Reflection on Mixed Operation Provisos in the Financial Law

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：刘志伟
    单位：西南政法大学经济法学院
    中文关键词：金融混业；分业原则；金融监管；但书条款；概括授权
    英文关键词：mixed operation, separate operation principle, financial supervision, proviso, generalized enabling clause
    中文摘要：
    中国金融立法以分业原则为指引，但该原则始终未得到金融部门法的完全遵从。金融部门法中逐步成型的混业“但书”已借助规范实践从边缘走向主流。内嵌概括授权、限制转介条款的复合性混业“但书”，与变动不居的国家金融政策、竞相割据分野的金融监管、追求效益最大化的金融资本，导致以其为依托的规范实践在目的、形式、内容上呈现出“三多三少一无”的失衡局面。与混业“但书”创设时相比，当下中国的金融监管格局、司法裁判环境尚未发生实质改变，且混业实践还对上述诸要素形成了惯性依赖。更重要的是，分业基础上的混业经营、分业监管的统合变革，尚需以具有分业例外功能的混业“但书”为依托。因而，金融基本法律不仅应继续保留混业“但书”，还须进一步优化其价值功能、文本内容、条款结构，以应对竞相割据的金融监管、过度礼让的金融司法。
    英文摘要：
    Separate operation principle is the guiding principle of financial legislation in China. However, this principle has never been fully complied with in financial legislation. With the assistance of legal practice, mixed operation provisos, which have gradually taken shape in financial law, are mainstreamed. Embedded with generalized enabling clauses and referral clauses, mixed operation provisos, together with changeable financial policies, profitdriven financial capital and segmented financial supervision, have led to the imbalances in the purpose, form and content of regulatory practice. Compared with the time when mixed operation provisos were just created, today no substantive change has taken place in financial supervision model and judicial environment. To a large extent, the practice of mixed operation has developed an inertial dependence on the elements mentioned above. Even more importantly, the integration and transformation of separated operationbased mixed operation and separated supervision still rely on mixed operation provisos. Therefore, not only should mixed operation provisos be retained in financial law, but their value function, content and structure should be further optimized, so as to better cope with the impacts of segmented supervision and overcourteous financial judicial practice.
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