证据法学基本问题之反思

证据法学基本问题之反思

Rethinking of Fundamental Issues of Evidence Law

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：宋英辉,吴宏耀,雷小政
    单位：中国政法大学诉讼法研究中心;;中国政法大学诉讼法研究中心;;中国政法大学诉讼法学专业
    中文关键词：认识论;事实;证据;诉讼证明;研究方法
    英文关键词：epistemology;reality;evidence;proof in litigations;research methods
    中文摘要：
    证据法学理论基础的根本问题在于形成体现现代证明活动自身特殊性的具体认知理论。裁判事实与事实真相之间的关系具有或然性，应寻求适当法律程序与规则，以保障关于案件事实的认识在最大程度上符合或者接近客观存在的事实。应当走出以点带面的偏狭思维，转向一种动态的证据概念，并在证据的真实性上强调当下社会认知条件所能达到的真实或属实。基于狭义证明理论，裁判并非都以查明事实真相为必要条件和最终目的，但并不能因此而否定法官的照顾义务和消极的实质真实义务。证据法学的研究方法应是一个多元化的、开放性的、与时偕行的体系。
    英文摘要：
    In the theories of legal science of evidence, its key of the foundation is to form a cognitive theory conformable to the specialty of modern proving activities. Due to the uncertainty about the identity between judicial facts and the reality of cases, appropriate legal procedures and rules should be followed to guarantee the largest possibility of the identity. The conception of evidence should t ransfer from the t raditionally narrow understanding to a dynamic understanding. The conformity of evidence to realities is rest ricted by current cognitive conditions. The logical conclusion of the traditionally narrow theory of proof is that judges have obligations to find the reality of the case and the taking care obligation, although not all the judgments take the finding of reality as its necessary precondition and ultimate aim. The research method of the legal science of evidence should be a multiple, open and up-to-date system.
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