民法转型的法源缺陷：形式化、制定法优位及其校正
张力民法转型的法源缺陷：形式化、制定法优位及其校正
Defects of Source of Law in the Transformation of Civil Law：Formalization, Domination of Statutory Law and Its Correction
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：张力
单位：西南政法大学民商法学院
中文关键词：民法转型;法源;民法典;特别民法;商法
英文关键词：transformation of civil law;source of law;civil code;special law;commercial law
中文摘要：
近代以来的民法典编纂促成了民法由综合整体法向一般私法的转型，推动了民法体系边界及对体系外有限开放性的形成，配合了民族国家形成及其与民法社会整体对应关系的建立，但也就此预埋风险。随着民法法源的形式化、法源中制定法优越地位的形成、对以商法为代表的传统多元社会法源的消解，民法的社会组织功能被削弱，国家借助特别民法等手段对民法的整体渗透日益不可量、不可控。危机的实质是，民法的体系化成就掩盖了自身的法源缺陷，反而损及私法自治这一现代民法自定义核心价值的实现。危机的根源是民法控权能力与民主自觉的丧失。民法法源的完善，应向正式宪法移交部分社会整合功能；通过将以商法为代表的亚社会法源渐进释出、拓展司法对社会问题与政治问题的解决途径等方法，提高民法的社会自组织能力，恢复民法对非官方公域的参与调整能力，实现通过民法的社会控制。在此基础上，民法教义学方能安全担当现代民法学的核心。
英文摘要：
The codification of civil law since the modern times has brought about the transformation of civil law from a comprehensive whole into general private law, promoted the establishment of the boundary of civil law system and its limited openness to outside systems, contributed to the formation of nation-states and their corresponding relationship with civil society while, at the same time, also brought with it certain risks. With the formalization of the source of civil law, the establishment of the dominant position of statutory law in the source of law, and the elimination of traditional pluralistic source of law represented by commercial law, the social organizing function of civil law has been undermined and the state's infiltration into the civil law system by means of special law has been more and more immeasurable and uncontrollable. The essence of this crisis is the concealment of the defects the source of civil law itself by the achievements of the systematization of civil law, thereby negatively affecting the realization of the autonomy of private law, which consists the core value of civil law. Thus, in order to improve the source of civil law, part of civil law's function of social integration should be formally transferred to constitutional law. Besides, the source of law of sub-society, represented by commercial law, should be gradually released, and judicial approaches to social and political problems should be expanded, so as to improve the social self-organizing capability of civil law, restore the ability of civil law to participate in the regulation of the non-official public domain, and realize social control through civil law. Only on this basis, dogmatics of civil law can safely become the core of modern civil law science.
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