党政体制如何塑造基层执法

党政体制如何塑造基层执法

How the Party-Government System Shapes Grassroots Law Enforcement

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：陈柏峰
    单位：中南财经政法大学法学院、法治发展与司法改革研究中心
    中文关键词：基层执法;党政体制;条块治理;政治伦理
    英文关键词：grassroots law enforcement;the Party-Government System;tiao (vertical)-kuai (horizontal) governance;political ethics
    中文摘要：
    与西方国家的执法属于法治系统内部事务不同，中国的基层执法受到了党政体制的深刻塑造。党政体制的轴心是党的领导，组织领导贯穿于条块结构，政治领导内含于其中，思想领导则落实为政治伦理。党政体制通过条条、块块、政治伦理三个维度塑造基层执法，呈现出条条推进执法、块块协同治理、政治伦理嵌入三种机制。"条条"以执法专项行动、执法规范化建设、执法工作考核为内容，通过指标化-竞争性的激励手段，形成了执法推进机制。"块块"以严重问题的专项整治为内容，通过建构"中心工作"的形式，凭借体制压力启动治理协同机制。"执法为民"话语强调执法的群众工作属性，构成了政治伦理的嵌入机制，它可以将条块结构中的权责不对等正当化，为基层执法提供政治合法性。党政体制塑造的基层执法模式，呈现出复杂的实践特征。
    英文摘要：
    Compared with law enforcement in western countries, which is a part of legal system, grassroots law enforcement in China has been profoundly shaped by the Party-Government System. The Party's leadership is the axis of the Party-Government System; the Party's organizational leadership runs through the tiao (vertical)-kuai (horizontal) authority relations; the Party's political leadership is embodied in this system; and the Party's ideological leadership has become the political ethics of this system. The Party-Government System shapes grassroots law enforcement through mechanisms in three dimensions:vertical, horizontal and political ethics. The vertical mechanism promotes law enforcement through the incentive method of indexation-competition; the horizontal mechanism coordinates governance through institutional pressure system and the construction of "the central work"; and political ethics mechanism stresses the nature of mass work and realizes the insertion of political ethics into the grassroots law enforcement system through the principle of law enforcement for the people. In practice, the pattern of grassroots level law enforcement presents complicated practical features.
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