人民陪审员制度的复苏与实践：1998-2010
彭小龙人民陪审员制度的复苏与实践：1998-2010
Recovery and Practice of People's Assess or System:from 1998 to 2010
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：彭小龙
单位：中国法学会法律信息部
中文关键词：人民陪审员;陪审制度实施效果;陪审制度改革
英文关键词：people’s assessor;practical effect of people’s assessor system;reform of people’s assessor system
中文摘要：
1998年以来人民陪审员制度的复苏是多种社会需求合力催生的结果，承载了推进司法民主、维护司法公正、强化司法监督、提高司法公信力等多重期望。然而，由于陪审员难以有效地参与审判，该制度在人力补充、调解协商、知识提供等方面的作用较为突出，其他效果则不太明显。经验材料由此呈现“一种制度实践、两种复苏原因及效果判断”的现象。相对于立法意图和人们的预期，人民陪审已出现某种程度的职能异化。未来的改革应致力于职能分化，强化专门领域案件和轻微案件中民众参与审判的作用，同时注重提升陪审员在重大案件中的代表性和参审效果。
英文摘要：
As the non-professional judge participating in the trial, the people’s assessor system has suddenly entered into a period of strong recovery since 1998 when the judicial professionalization heated up in China. From the perspective of Sociology of law, emerging, transforming and declining of the legal system always depend on the relationship between its potential functions, social requirements and social environments. Accordingly, this paper provides a positive study on the recovery and practices of people’s assessor system, which finds that the recovery of this system maybe the product of various social needs, bearing many expectations such as supervising judges, promoting judicial justice and advancing judicial authority. However, under the influences of formal and informal power structures in the judicial process, people’s assessor always could not effectively participate in the judicial decision-making. Therefore, in contemporary judicial practices, the people’s assessors mainly act as human resource supplement, mediator and knowledge supplier in special cases, and other expectations are unaffordable for them.Those roles undertaken by the people’s assessors are out of the expectations of the institution designers and the common people, which may be called as “function dissimilation”. Future reform efforts should be made to achieve “function differentiation”. On the one hand, the importance of people’s assessors’ current role in special cases and minor cases ought to be advanced. On the other hand, it is necessary to enhance the people’s assessors’ representation and ensure they can play a practical role in important cases.
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