土地用途管制模式的立法转变
郭洁土地用途管制模式的立法转变
Legislative Transformation of Regulative Model for Land Use
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：郭洁
单位：辽宁大学法学院
中文关键词：土地用途管制;行政管制;激励性管制
英文关键词：regulation on land use;administrative control;incentive regulation
中文摘要：
我国现行土地用途行政管制模式出现“制度失灵”，公法与私法规范结合的激励性管制应成为行政管制的替代模式。国际上土地用途管制改革已出现了总量管制与弹性管制、社区赋权、规划协议等激励性管制的实证样本，规划的不确定性理论、规划权利理论、管制协商理论为新型管制做出了法学解释。激励性土地用途管制的本质是模仿市场机制的私人自我管制。在我国，国家本位的衰落，土地市场多元利益的并存与竞争，迫切需要以激励性管制替代制度成本过高的传统行政管制。土地用途管制改革的基本路径是，划分行政干预与市场配置土地资源的法定边界，合理嵌入管制的私法规范。
英文摘要：
The administrative control model adopted for land use in China has serious malfunction in its universal cost of the control, including the rent-seeking cost, the internal cost, the information cost and the enforcement cost. Additionally, the special situation of our land system during the transition period also boosts the possibility and extent of the efficiency loss of the control. Thus the reform of the regulative model for land use is of great urgency. The incentive regulation is the international mainstream as the alternative to the traditional administrative control, whose institutional samples include the control of total amount and the flexible regulation, community empowerment and planning agreements, etc. The validity of the incentive regulation of land use bases on the breakthrough of the legal principle about the land use plan by theories as the theory of uncertainty, the theory of the planning right and the theory of regulation and negotiation. The essence of the incentive regulation is the self-regulation of the private which imitates the market mechanism. The incentive regulation functionally reconstructs the legal relationship of the regulation, transforms the vertical control into equal relationship, promotes the legal position of the private party in administration, yields a win-win result, and controls the cost of the administrative regulation. The reform of the land use control in China should learn form the incentive regulation of land use, change the legislative idea of land use control, establish the legal boundary between the market mechanism and the administrative intervention, and insert rationally the private law norms into related legislations.
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