姓名变更规范研究
张红姓名变更规范研究
Norms on the Change of Name
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：张红
单位：中南财经政法大学
中文关键词：姓名权;姓名变更;第三姓;改名
英文关键词：right to name;change of name;the third surname;reason of changing name
中文摘要：
姓名变更是重要的人格自由利益，亦是姓名权的重要内容。姓名变更应区分为姓的变更和名的变更，并建立不同的规制模式。称姓选择限于家庭关系，从父姓还是从母姓，原则上坚持父母意见一致，例外则依法考量子女成长利益的最大化。第三姓原则上应被禁止，仅于特殊情形方可为之。对于名的更改，应以维护人之尊严与自由为判断基准，并采改名从宽原则；更名事由在立法上以“列举+一般条款”为模式，为解释者提供操作空间，同时强调更名之规范性与适当性。对于姓名变更的主体，18周岁以上由本人行使，18周岁以下亦不应绝对否定本人之更改权利。对于姓名变更之次数，原则上姓为一次名为两次，特殊情况下允许突破次数限制，但应从严界定特殊情形。
英文摘要：
The right to change name is one of the important freedom interests of personality and a significant content of the right to name. It relates to the personal dignity, shows the image of individuals, and exerts great influence on the social regulations, thus a comprehensive issue in the public and private law.The selection of the surname is limited to the family relationship. In principle, especially the surname change problem for couples divorce, remarriage, and adoption of children, taking the father’s surname or the mother’s surname as the child’s surname should accord to the agreement of the parents. However, there are exceptions in accordance with the law to maximize the interests of children’s growth. A third surname should be prohibited in principle except for special circumstances, and Article 22 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China should be interpreted as prohibiting a third surname. The regulation on the change of name should respect the personal dignity and freedom and adopt the leniency principle. The legislation on the reason of rename should adopt the model of "list plus general provisions”, which can provide operation space for interpreters. Meanwhile, rename should be normative and appropriate, not contrary to the public order and good customs as the bottom line, and be restrained properly according to the inherent tradition and the social general idea. As for the subject to apply for change of name, it is himself when he comes to the age of 18. However, we shouldn’t absolutely deny his right for application when he is under 18. One can change his or her surname once and name twice in principle with some strict exceptions.
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