国际私法与民法典的分与合
宋晓国际私法与民法典的分与合
Unification or Separation of the Civil Code and Private International Law
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：宋晓
单位：南京大学法学院
中文关键词：国际私法;民法典;冲突规则
英文关键词：private international law;civil code;civil law;conflict rules
中文摘要：
以单边主义方法为基础的国际私法与民法或民法典并无实质联系，但近现代成文国际私法多以多边主义方法为基础，与民法或民法典之间存在深层联系。民法典为成文国际私法提供了法律关系的概念体系，民事法律关系的本质属性为构建具体冲突规范提供了正当化依据。部分国家据此将国际私法或置于民法典总则中，或置于民法典分则中，或置于民法典施行法中。但国际私法在诸多方面需要超越民法典体系，而且在价值判断方面较之民法典更为开放，更易融合外部的宪法、公法和国际法的价值判断。国际私法作为环绕民法典的民事特别法，是国际私法在法律体系中的最佳位置。我国涉外民事关系法律适用法应发展成民商合一的涉外法律适用的单行立法。为了保持国际私法和民法典的有机联系，不宜制定融法律适用、管辖权、判决的承认与执行等于一体的综合国际私法法典。
英文摘要：
There is no substantial relationship between the civil code and private international law (PIL) if PIL is grounded on unilateralism, such as the statutory theory of the Middle Ages, or the governmental interest analysis of contemporary American conflicts law. Codified PIL in modern civil law countries, however, has been based on multilateralism much more than unilateralism, which leads to a complicated relationship between PIL and the civil code. The civil code provides PIL with a conceptual system of legal relationships and a justification for the making of concrete conflict rules. Consequently, PIL either is integrated into the general or special part, or becomes an ancillary part, of the civil code in many countries. If PIL must be integrated into the civil code itself, the less damaging place to the whole civil system for PIL is the special part of the code. PIL has reached far beyond the scope of the civil code in many aspects, including no necessity for the concept of legal acts in PIL, the easiness to unify civil and commercial law, the introduction of some concepts unique to PIL for the purpose of characterization, and the openness to values from such other legal areas as constitutional law, public law and international law. So the best place for PIL in the legal system is to be enacted as a separate special legislation of the civil code. The Chinese Law on Choice of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relationships should be developed into a separate law combining both civil and commercial conflict rules, but not into a comprehensive PIL Code integrating rules on the application of law, jurisdiction, and recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, so as to avoid serious damages to the organic and lively relationship between PIL and civil code.
全文阅读： 点击下载
