刑事印证证明新探
龙宗智刑事印证证明新探
New Probe into the Concept of Corroboration
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：龙宗智
单位：教育部2011计划司法文明协同创新中心;四川大学法学院
中文关键词：印证;证明模式;证明方法;融贯论;符合论
英文关键词：corroboration;mode of proof;method of proof;coherentism;theory of correspondence
中文摘要：
刑事印证证明是指在刑事诉讼中利用不同证据内含信息的同一性来证明待证事实，这里的同一性包括信息内容的同一与指向的同一。印证证明既适用于个别证据的判断，也适用于证据的综合判断，还适用于对证据真实性、合法性和相关性的判断；其作用机理一是真理（真实）融贯论，二是真理（真实）符合论，三是归纳逻辑与溯因推理；其考量因素包括参与印证的证据的品质、数量、清晰度，是否存在客观性证据尤其是隐蔽性证据，是否符合经验法则，是否合理嵌入整体的事实构造，以及是否存在合理差异等。实践中对印证证明的误用表现为：违法取证，强求印证；只看印证事实，忽略对案件的“综观式验证”；违背证明规律，忽略心证功能。印证模式的改革方向是坚持印证主导，加强心证功能，注重追证作用，发挥验证功效。
英文摘要：
Corroboration refers to the mode of proof in which the identity of information contained in different evidences in the criminal procedure law, including identical connotations and directions, are used to prove a fact. The significance of corroboration is highlighted in the situation in which there are conflicting evidences, especially conflicting testimonies, and fact-finding is difficult. Corroboration can be universally used in the judgment of evidence. Corroboration, "atomic mode" and "integrated mode" are definitions of proof modes in different contexts. The basic principles behind corroboration are coherentism, theory of correspondence, and induction and abduction. Elements considered in corroboration include:the quality, quantity and clarity of evidence; whether there's any objective evidence, especially disguised evidence; whether empirical rules are obeyed; whether the judgment of individual evidence conforms to the overall conclusion; whether there are any reasonable differences, etc. The misuse of corroboration in judicial practice is manifested in such practices as obtaining evidence illegally, paying attention only to the corroboration of individual facts while neglecting the judgment of the whole case, defying the rules of proof, and neglecting the function of free evaluation. With the transformation of the concept of truth, the adjustment of the standard of proof, the implementation of accountability system and the "substantiation of court trial", now the conditions are ripe for the reform of the proof mode of corroboration in China. The main direction of the reform is to adhere to corroboration while attaching more significance to free evaluation.
全文阅读： 点击下载
