追求裁判的社会效果:1983-2012
宋亚辉追求裁判的社会效果:1983-2012
Pursuit of “Social Effects” in Adjudication in China:1983-2012
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：宋亚辉
单位：南京大学法学院;中德法学研究所
中文关键词：最高人民法院;司法政策;社会效果;法治
英文关键词：the Supreme People's Court;judicial policies;social effects;rule of law
中文摘要：
在最高人民法院描绘的法治蓝图中，追求裁判的社会效果无疑是最具中国特色的司法政策之一。"社会效果"是最高人民法院在上世纪80年代初司法职能转型时期提出的概念，其含义随公共政策的变化而变化。最高人民法院创造这一弹性概念，旨在构建公共政策的司法转介机制，借此将党和国家的公共政策输送到司法审判过程。贯彻公共政策是最高人民法院的职能定位之一，但三十年的政策实践表明，最高法院的政策表达和下级法院的实践方法均亟待规范化。政策话语的严谨表达固然可减少误解，却无法化解裁判方法上的随意性和去法治化风险。这一问题的解决，必须在方法论上坚持法律教义与政策资源在司法裁判中的"体""用"格局，确保在法教义体系内进行政策权衡和结果判断。
英文摘要：
The judicial policy of pursuing "social effects" may be one of the most significant Chinese characteristics of the blueprint of development of the rule of law depicted by the Supreme People's Court. The concept of "social effects" was launched by the Supreme People's Court in its transformation period in 1983. Judicial documents from 1983 to 2012 show that the concept of "social effects" has no fixed meaning in the eyes of the Supreme People's Court and the specific meanings of "social effects" have been changing along with the change of China's public policies in different fields and under different social circumstances. The primary motivation of creating the flexible concept of "social effects" was to build a judicial mechanism for transferring public policies adopted by the Party and the state into court decision processes. Despite lots of academic criticisms, the juridical policy of pursuing "social effects" had been successfully implemented for three decades before finally being adjusted since 2013. Academic criticisms, however, are not adequate reasons for resisting the judicial policy. Actually, the judicial policy of seeking "social effects" coincides with the developing trend of juridical philosophy in contemporary world. It is just a Chinese expression of seeking optimal judicial decisions, which is a general concept in western juridical philosophy. The key problem to be solved is the improper use of parallel concepts of "legal effects" and "social effects". Using academic concepts properly can reduce unnecessary misunderstandings, but never eliminate prejudices and methodological confusions in statutory interpretation. A complete solution to this problem is to correctly deal with the relationship between juridical dogmatics and public policy in the process of application of law.
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