个人信息的侵权法保护
叶名怡个人信息的侵权法保护
Protection of Personal Information by Tort Law
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：叶名怡
单位：上海财经大学
中文关键词：个人信息;侵权法;构成要件;预防性责任;责任形态
英文关键词：personal information;tort law;constitutive requirements;preventive liability;forms of liability
中文摘要：
一切个人信息均属侵权法的保护范围，对非敏感个人信息提供侵权法保护不会阻碍信息流通。侵权法对个人信息提供两种保护路径，即侵权责任法第36条的网络信息侵权条款及其司法解释，以及同法第6条过错侵权条款配合民法总则第111条。个人信息侵权各项构成要件应适当缓和，如承认若干新型损害、建立三元归责原则体系、复数控制人场合设立因果关系推定等。在个人信息侵权救济方面，重视更正、停止处理、删除、数字加密等预防性责任方式的运用。关于金钱赔偿，应在(过失)帮助侵权、不确定因果关系等场合下新增连带责任规定，并将安保义务及其被违反所导致的补充责任予以扩张，以适用于作为虚拟场所管理人的数据存储者。在泛实名制的背景下，我国应选择更接近于欧洲的信息保护模式而非美国模式。
英文摘要：
All kinds of personal information are protected by tort law, and tort law protection of non-sensitive personal information does not hinder the flow of information. Tort law provides two protection paths for personal information. One is the network information infringement clause of Article 36 of the Tort Liability Law and its judicial interpretations, and the other is the fault infringement clause of Article 6 of the Tort Liability Law in conjunction with Article 111 of the General Principles of Civil Law. The constituent elements of personal information infringement should be appropriately moderated by recognizing a number of new types of damages, constructing a system of ternary imputation principles, and establishing a causal relationship presumption in the case of plural controllers. In the area of personal information infringement relief, importance should be attached to the use of preventive liability methods, such as correction, stop processing, deletion, and digital encryption. With regard to monetary compensation, joint liability provisions should be added to the Law in the case of (negligent) contributory infringement, uncertain causality, etc., and the security obligation and its supplementary liability caused by the violation should be expanded to apply to the manager in virtual place (data storage). In the context of the pan-real name authentication system, China should choose an information protection model that is closer to the European, rather than the American model.
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