行政行为无效的认定

行政行为无效的认定

Declaration of the Nullity of Administrative Acts

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：王贵松
    单位：中国人民大学法学院
    中文关键词：无效行政行为;重大且明显说;具体价值衡量说;确认无效
    英文关键词：null administrative act;doctrine of significance and obviousness;doctrine of specific values balance;declaratory null judgment
    中文摘要：
    无效的行政行为在实体法上自始至终不产生效力，在救济法上当事人可随时在任何相关的程序中主张其无效。无效是法安定性与实质正义权衡后的结果，难以从法规范的逻辑演绎中得出判断。行政诉讼法第75条确立的“重大且明显违法”的判断标准，符合确认无效行政行为的功能需要，其实质是要求法院在个案中对系争个人权益大小、有无第三人、法的安定性、行政效益等具体价值进行衡量。鉴于现实的复杂性，应当允许法院在这一判断标准的实质精神的指引下，对并非明显违法的特定行政行为作出无效认定。根据诉权保障、正当程序原则等要求，只有在确认无效诉讼中，才有必要审查行政行为是否无效。
    英文摘要：
    A null administrative act is invalid ab initio in substantive law. In remedy law, parties may declare an administrative act void and null in any relevant procedure at any time. It doesn't have to be excluded by rescissory action. Nullity is the result of the balance between legal stability and substantive justice. Therefore, it is difficult to make judgments in advance by logical deduction of legal norms. The judgment criterion of "significant and obvious unlawfulness" established in Article 75 of the Administrative Litigation Law is in line with the functional needs of null administrative acts. Its essence is to require the court to balance such specific values as individual rights and interests, the situation of third parties, legal stability and administrative benefits. In view of the complexity of reality, the court should be allowed to declare the nullity of certain administrative acts that are not obviously unlawful under the guidance of the substantive spirit mentioned above. According to the requirements of protection of the right to sue and the principle of due process, etc., it is necessary to review the nullity of administrative acts only in declaratory null judgments.
    全文阅读：  点击下载