涉外知识产权归属的法律适用
阮开欣涉外知识产权归属的法律适用
Application of Law to Ownership of Foreign Intellectual Property
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：阮开欣
单位：华东政法大学知识产权学院
中文关键词：知识产权归属；法律适用；被请求保护国原则；权属普遍制
英文关键词：ownership of intellectual property, application of law, lex protectionis, ownership universality
中文摘要：
权属分歧现象是知识产权领域法律属地主义的体现之一，不符合全球化背景下法律普遍主义的发展趋势，应当在一定程度上采取单一准据法以适用于知识产品在各国的权属。从应然的角度来说，在知识产权的初始取得和继受取得过程中，基于在先关系的知识产权归属规则均在一定程度上存在权属普遍制的适用空间，这有助于知识产品的跨境流动和最大化利用。对于强行法范畴的知识产权归属规则，则不存在权属普遍制的适用空间。现行国际条约并不妨碍权属普遍制的适用。如何确定权属普遍制中的单一准据法是亟待解决的问题，选取规则的明晰化并在各国获得共识是权属普遍制有效运行的前提。解决权属普遍制和被请求保护国原则共存所导致的法律冲突，应当遵循被请求保护国对于本国知识产权归属规则享有最终决定权的准则，反致规则的适用内含于被请求保护国原则。
英文摘要：
The “ownership diversity phenomenon” reflects territoriality of law, which is inconsistent with trend of development of legal universality against the background of globalization. There should be a single law applicable to the ownership of IP products in different countries. The principle of “ownership universality” is one feature of the weakening of IP territoriality. From the perspective of what ought to be, “ownership universality” can be applied to IP ownership to some extent, which contributes to cross-border flow and maximum use of IP. There is no room for the application of “ownership universality” to mandatory rules of IP ownership. Current international treaties pose no obstacle to the application of “ownership universality”. How to choose the single applicable law under “ownership universality” is an important question that urgently needs to be answered and the clarification and recognition by most countries of the choice of rule is a necessary precondition for the effective operation of “ownership universality”. To resolve the legal conflict caused by the co-existence of “ownership universality” and lex protectionis, the country from which protection is claimed should have the final determination of the law applicable to IP ownership, and the renvoi should be embedded in lex protectionis.
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