大数据有限排他权的基础理论
崔国斌大数据有限排他权的基础理论
Towards a Theory of Limited Exclusive Right to Big Data
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：崔国斌
单位：清华大学法学院
中文关键词：大数据；知识产权；公共领域；公开传播权
英文关键词：big data, intellectual property, public domain, right of communication to the public
中文摘要：
人类社会进入大数据和人工智能时代，大规模数据集合的知识产权保护问题日益突出。诞生于“小数据”时代的知识产权法满足了数据产业的基本需求，但还是留下了一些空白。处在公开状态的没有独创性的大数据集合缺乏具体的法律保护手段。为了避免这一领域的市场失败，同时避免限制公共领域的行动自由，应当为耗费实质投入并达到实质规模的大数据集合设置有限排他权，即公开传播权。这一保护机制既能够满足数据行业的需求，又能够兼顾后续数据利用者的利益，不会损害著作权法等法律所维护的公共政策。
英文摘要：
Human society is entering the era of big data and artificial intelligence, and intellectual property protection of largescale data sets has become increasingly important. While intellectual property law born in the era of “small data” roughly meets the basic needs of big data industry, it does leave a blank area, that is, the lack of specific legal protection for big data that has no originality and is open to the public. In order to fill in this gap, avoid market failures and protect the freedom in public domain, Chinese legislature should entitle those who have made substantial investment in collecting substantial amount of data a limited exclusive right, i.e. a right of communicating the data to the public. This sui generis protection is able to meet the actual need of data industry, does not conflict with public policies maintained by copyright law, and can guarantee the freedom of downstream data users.
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