专家参与刑事司法的多元功能及其体系化
陈如超专家参与刑事司法的多元功能及其体系化
Experts Participating in the Criminal Justice: Diversified Functions and Their Systematization
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：陈如超
单位：1. 西南政法大学刑事侦查学院、国家安全学院;2. 重庆高校市级刑事科学技术重点实验室
中文关键词：刑事司法;专家制度;有专门知识的人;鉴定人;专家辅助人
英文关键词：criminal justice; expert system; persons with specialized knowledge; identification or evaluation expert; expert assistant
中文摘要：
从1979年刑事诉讼法颁布至今，专家参与我国刑事司法的制度功能变得开放而多元。专家制度功能的多元化，根源于刑事司法的三重逻辑：弥合法律人与专家之间知识鸿沟的"认知逻辑"；落实公检法机关"分工负责，互相配合，互相制约"原则的"权力逻辑"；保障当事人合法权益与实现控辩平等的"权利逻辑"。从结构主义与整体主义的视角看，当前，刑事专家制度存在明显的体系化缺陷，主要表现为专家制度过度权力化、专家制度功能尚未结构化、专家制度不够规范化。改进刑事专家制度，应当采取体系化路径：首先，将多元专家参与模式调整为鉴定人与专家辅助人二元专家模式；其次，彰显专家制度的"权利逻辑"，矫正过度权力化倾向；最后，构建系统化的专家制度，为专家服务刑事司法创造制度条件。
英文摘要：
Since the promulgation of the Chinese Criminal Procedure Law in 1979, the functions of expert participating in criminal justice in China have become increasingly open and diversified. The gradual diversification of the expert system's functions is rooted in the triple internal logics of criminal justice in China, which are, the "cognitive logic" that bridges the knowledge gap between legal practitioners and experts, the "power logic" that realizes the "division of labor, cooperation and mutual restriction" among public security, procuratorial and court organs, and the "right logic" that protects the rights and interests of the parties and realizes the equality between prosecution and defense. However, from the perspective of structuralism and holism, there are obvious systematic defects in the criminal expert system in China, which mainly manifest as the excessive power-orientation, the unstructured function of the expert system and the non-standardization of the system. The system shall be improved through the adoption of a systematic approach. First of all, to turn the pattern of diversified expert participation in criminal justice into the pattern of binary expert participation that contains identification or evaluation experts and expert assistants. Secondly, to highlight the dimension of the expert right and rectify the power-oriented tendency of the system. Thirdly, to systematize the expert system to create better institutional conditions for experts to serve criminal justice.
全文阅读： 点击下载
