论我国宪法上的议行复合结构
杜强强论我国宪法上的议行复合结构
The Compound Structure of the Legislative-Executive Relationship in Chinese Constitutional Law
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：杜强强
单位：
中文关键词：议行合一;人民代表大会制度;民主集中制;民主正当性;职权立法
英文关键词：combination of legislative and executive powers; the system of people's congress; democratic centralism; democratic legitimacy; legislation based on the functions and powers
中文摘要：
我国宪法上的议行复合结构因全国人大常委会的设立而出现，其功能在于调和国家权力的代表性与行动能力之间的张力。议行复合结构主要由两类议行关系构成：一类是全国人大与国务院的关系，一类是全国人大常委会与国务院的关系。在前一关系维度中，国务院从属于全国人大，这延续着议行合一的形式；在后一关系维度中，国务院不从属于常委会，这可谓对议行合一的超越。在议行复合结构中，全国人大作为民主正当性的源泉，分别向全国人大常委会和国务院传输民主正当性；更具行动能力的全国人大常委会与国务院则承担着日常性的立法、行政职能。我国宪法上议行复合结构的出现，丰富了民主集中制原则的理论内涵，为国务院的职权立法奠定了宪法基础。
英文摘要：
The compound structure of the legislative-executive relationship in Chinese Constitutional Law, which came into being with the establishment of the Standing Committee of National People's Congress (NPC), has the function of reconciling the tension between democratic legitimacy and the working capacity of state organs. It is composed of two kinds of legislative-executive relationship, one is between the NPC and the State Council, and the other is between the NPC Standing Committee and the State Council. The former embodies the combination of legislative and executive power, whereby the State Council is subordinate to the NPC, while the latter, in which the State Council is not subordinate to the NPC Standing Committee, transcends the combination of legislative and executive power. In this compound structure, the NPC, as the source of democratic legitimacy, transmits democratic legitimacy to its Standing Committee and to the State Council separately and vests the daily legislative and executive functions on the NPC Standing Committee and the State Council, which have better working capacities. The emergence of the compound structure of the legislative-executive relationship in Chinese Constitutional Law has enriched the theoretical connotation of the principle of democratic centralism and laid a constitutional foundation for the legislation based on the functions and powers of the State Council.
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