从民事基本法律到基础性法律：民法典地位论
黄忠从民事基本法律到基础性法律：民法典地位论
From Basic Civil Law to Fundamental Law:on the Status of the Chinese Civil Code
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：黄忠
单位：西南政法大学
中文关键词：民法典;民事基本法律;基础性法律;宪法
英文关键词：Chinese Civil Code; basic civil law; fundamental law; constitution
中文摘要：
我国现有理论多将民法典归入民事基本法律的范畴。民事基本法律的概念虽颇具中国特色,却内涵不明、效力模糊,且将民法典定位为民事基本法律会不当缩限民法典的效力范围,也不利于协调民法典与其他法律的关系,更不利于维护民法典的稳定与权威。民法典在调整对象、价值目标、法律功效、立法技术和立法过程等方面,均展现出其在整个法律体系中的基础性地位。习近平总书记关于民法典是一部“固根本、稳预期、利长远的基础性法律”的论断,既发展了法律体系理论,又深化了对民法典地位的认识,具有重要的理论原创性和实践指导性。从民事基本法律到基础性法律的地位提升,符合我国民法典的内在属性,契合宪法本旨和社会需要。作为基础性法律的民法典超越了民事基本法律的局限,在中国特色社会主义法律体系中具有根本法属性,对立法、司法和行政均有建构上和适用上的重要意义。
英文摘要：
The Chinese Civil Code is mostly defined as a basic civil law by existing theories in China. Although the concept of the basic civil law has Chinese characteristics, its connotation is unclear and its effect is vague. The positioning of the Civil Code as a basic civil law will excessively narrow the scope of the effect of the Civil Code and is not conducive to coordinating the relationship between the Civil Code and other laws or maintaining the stability and authority of the Civil Code. The Civil Code shows its fundamental status in the whole legal system in terms of objects of adjustment, value objective, legal efficacy, legislative technology and legislative process. Xi Jinping's important assertion that the Civil Code is a “fundamental law that consolidates the foundation, stabilizes expectations, and benefits long-term development” not only advances the theory of the legal system but also enhances the understanding of the status of the Civil Code, thus is theoretically original and serves as a practical guidance. The elevation of the status of the Civil Code from basic civil law to fundamental law conforms to the inherent attributes of the Civil Code, the fundamental requirements of the Constitution, and the needs of society in China. The Civil Code should go beyond the limitations of basic civil law, have the attributes of fundamental law in the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, and have significance for legislation, judication and administration.
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