三农问题的宪法学思考

三农问题的宪法学思考

Constitutional Analysis of the Chinese Peasant Problems

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：张千帆
    单位：北京大学宪法与行政法研究中心
    中文关键词：农业税;“三农”问题;地方自治;中央干预
    英文关键词：agricultural tax;peasant problems;local self-governance;central intervention
    中文摘要：
    由于不能解决地方机构臃肿、地方政府腐败和滥权以及地方财政困境，取消农业税的税制改革难以应对“税费反弹”现象，仅仅是暂时缓解农民负担的权宜之计，并不是解决“三农”问题的长久之道。从宪法学角度看，“三农”问题的解决，有赖于完善地方民主与法治，从以行政为主导的中央控制模式转向以司法为主导的权利保障模式。中央干预的目的不在于亲自解决十分具体的问题，而应指向提供解决问题的制度。
    英文摘要：
    Recently the Chinese central government abolished the agricultural tax. Although such tax reform may temporarily abate the burden of peasants, it is not a long-term solution since it cannot resolve such serious problems as the expansion of local government, political corruptions and abuse of power, and local fiscal problems. From the perspective of constitutional law, the resolution of the Chinese peasant problems depends on the improvement of local democracy and rule of law, and the successful transformalion of governance model from the administratively oriented central control to judicially oriented rights protection. The rationale of central intervention is not so much resolving concrete problems as providing institutions that can effectively solve these problems.
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