前科株连效应的刑法学思考
于志刚前科株连效应的刑法学思考
Criminal Jurisprudential Analysison the Implicative Effect of Previous Conviction
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：于志刚
单位：中国政法大学
中文关键词：前科;株连效应;犯罪预防;刑罚效果
英文关键词：previous conviction;implication;crime prevention;recommitment;punishment effect
中文摘要：
前科株连效应是指犯罪人的犯罪记录导致其近亲属和其他家庭成员基于法律法规的规定而受到规范性的株连评价，进而导致特定的权利遭到限制、特定的资格遭到剥夺的情况。此种规范性评价立足于犯罪人的犯罪记录，将本应由犯罪人独立承担的不利法律后果从法律层面上延伸到了犯罪人的近亲属和其他家庭成员。中国现行法律体系中广泛存在着前科株连制度，不仅对于犯罪人回归社会形成了巨大的现实障碍，而且客观上严重破坏着犯罪人的家庭关系，促使犯罪人及其近亲属和其他家庭成员走向社会的对立面，成为可能再次实施犯罪的潜在犯罪人群体。
英文摘要：
The implicative effect of previous conviction refers to the fact that, under provisions of laws and regulations, some specific rights or qualifications of the criminal’s near relatives or other family members are restricted or deprived as a result of the normatively implicative evaluation imposed on them based on the criminal’s previous conviction. This kind of criminal record orients normative evaluation extend the unfavorable legal consequence, which should be born by the criminal himself independently, to the criminal’s near relatives or other family members. This system is the extending and distention of the effect of criminal record to the criminal’s family, whose purpose lies in crime prevention, not bearing the criminal responsibility jointly and severally.The implicative effect of previous conviction influences not only the criminal’s rehabilitation, but also the living environment of the criminal’s relatives. On the one hand, such implicative effect forms a barrier blocking the criminal’s rehabilitation. On the other hand, it damages the criminal’s family relation seriously. Due to the comprehensive existence of such effect in Chinese current legal system, the criminals and their near relatives or other family members may run opposite to normal society and become potential criminal group to commit crimes again. Therefore, the proportion principle should be insisted in concrete cases to prevent the unfair implicative evaluation on the relatives or families of all the criminals. In the long run, the implicative system of previous conviction should be abolished in the end.
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