行政规范性文件司法审查权的实效性考察

行政规范性文件司法审查权的实效性考察

An Examination of the Effectiveness of the Judicial Power to Review Normative Administrative Instruments

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：余军,张文
    单位：浙江大学光华法学院,浙江大学光华法学院
    中文关键词：行政诉讼法;行政规范性文件;实效;司法审查
    英文关键词：the administrative procedure law;normative administrative instruments;effectiveness;judicial review
    中文摘要：
    通过对《最高人民法院公报》公布的14个涉及行政规范性文件司法审查案例的考察,可以发现这项由司法解释创设的权力遭遇了严重的实效性问题。其原因在于:第一,由我国法院系统“政策实施型”制度逻辑、过度科层化的权力组织结构和司法权的行政化等因素所决定的法官行为逻辑,导致了法院对行政规范性文件实施司法审查的能力存在不足;第二,这项权力本身面临的正当性、合法性疑问,则加剧了法官行使这一权力的消极程度。新行政诉讼法的施行,可以消解第二个方面的问题,但行政规范性文件司法审查机制中的诸多问题,仍有待于通过司法审查标准的完善乃至通过宏观层面的司法制度改革予以解决。
    英文摘要：
    The judicial power to review normative administrative instruments is not created by the revised Administrative Procedure Law. It is the Supreme Court that, since 2000, has gradually brought this power to life through judicial interpretation. An examination of 14 cases concerning judicial review of normative administrative instruments published in the Gazette of the Supreme People's Court shows that the effectiveness of this power is faced with serious problems. There are two reasons for this problem. First, judges' behavior is determined by the “policy-implementation type” institutional logic of the court system, hierarchical power structure, and administrativization of judicial power, which undermine the competence of the courts to review normative administrative instruments. Second, the power itself is faced with legitimacy issues, which discourages judges from exercising it. The legitimacy issues can be solved through the implementation of the revised Administrative Procedure Law, but many other issues need be solved by through the improvement of judicial review standards, or even by judicial reform in general.
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