体系化视角下的意定代理权来源
尹飞体系化视角下的意定代理权来源
Sources of Authority Agency from the Perspective of Systematization
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：尹飞
单位：中央财经大学法学院
中文关键词：意定代理;代理权来源;职务代理
英文关键词：authority agency;sources of authority;agency in duty
中文摘要：
就意定代理权的来源，我国学理上和司法实践中存在一元说和二元说的不同认识。一元说认为代理权仅来自于代理权授与行为，二元说则认为代理权的来源还包括代理人的职务。我国民法总则编纂过程中，目前的草案实际上采用了二元说。但二元说无法涵盖实践中代理权的各类来源，而且会造成司法实践中新的困扰。就德国法来看，其代理权来源的抽象原则是指代理权的来源区别于其基础关系而独立存在。代理权的来源包括法律直接规定特定代理人的代理权以及被代理人的代理权授与行为两种情形。结合我国民商合一的立法体制和代理制度复合继受的背景，我国民法典应当承认意定代理权来源的多元论，即除代理权授与行为之外，代理权还可以来自于法律的直接规定、社会一般观念或者交易习惯以及当事人之间的基础关系。
英文摘要：
There are two different understandings of the sources of authority agency in theory and in judicial practice in China:monistic and dualistic. According to the former, the authority can only come from the principal's authorization, whereas according to the latter, the authority can also come from the agent's duty in the enterprise. The Draft of the General Part of Civil Code of People's Republic of China adopts the dualistic theory, but the principal's authorization and the agent's duty in the enterprise can not cover all kinds of authority resources. The provisions of the Draft will cause new problems in judicial practice. According to German law, the abstract principle that authorization acts as the source of authority means that the source of authority can exist independent of its basic relationship. There are two kinds of source of agency:one is directly given by a law to a special agent; the other comes from the grant action of the principal. But there are hardly any legal provisions in Chinese law directly empowering such agency and the special agent can not be registered by commercial registration system in China. Considering the complex and mixed succession of the Chinese agent legal system and the combined legislation mode of civil and commercial codes, this author argues that the Civil Code of PRC should recognize the pluralism of the sources of agency. Namely, apart from grant action, the authority can also come from the provisions of law that directly give special agents specific authority. The authority can also come from trading custom or general social ideas. With respect to the undisclosed principal agency provided for in Art.403 of Contract Law, the authority should come from the contract between the principal and the agent.
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