当代中国政法体制的形成及意义
侯猛当代中国政法体制的形成及意义
Formation of Political-Legal System in Contemporary China
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：侯猛
单位：北京大学法学院
中文关键词：政法体制;社会主义法治;条块关系;央地关系;民主集中制
英文关键词：political-legal system;socialist rule of law;"vertical-horizontal" relationship;central-local relationship;democratic centralism
中文摘要：
政法体制是党领导依法治国的制度和工作机制的重要组成部分，也是建设中国特色社会主义法治国家，实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要基石。当代中国的政法体制是在历史的演进中逐渐形成的，它主要包括两个方面：在条块关系中，以块块管理为主的同级党委领导体制；在央地关系中，党内分级归口管理和中央集中统一领导体制。研究中国的政法体制，仅用具有普适意义的现代西方概念来理解还不够，还需要运用本土概念深描中国的法律经验事实。这样才有可能反思和建构“关于中国”的社会主义法治理论。
英文摘要：
The political-legal system is an important component part of the system and mechanism of the ruling the country by law under the leadership of the CPC. It is also the important foundation of the construction of a socialist state under the rule of law with Chinese Characteristics and the modernization of the system and ability of state governance. The current political-legal system in China is the result of gradual historical evolution. It has two main aspects:one is the "horizontal" management system in the "vertical-horizontal" relationship, under which the Party group of a political-legal department is responsible not to high level political-legal departments, nor to the government at the same level, but to the Party committee at the same level; the other is the graded system of centralized management by specified departments in the relationship between the central and local Party organizations, under which the organizational departments of the Party are in charge of personnel matters, while the political-legal committees of the Party are in charge of political-legal affairs. Simultaneously, the system of centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is also established according to the principle of democratic centralism. Actually, the Political Bureau and the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee have the supreme power over political-legal affairs. To study the political-legal system in China, researchers should apply not only modern western concepts that have universal relevance, but also local Chinese concepts that can describe the empirical legal facts of China. Only in this way can they be able to reflect and construct the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese Characteristics.
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