西周邦国的法秩序构建:以新出金文为中心
王沛西周邦国的法秩序构建:以新出金文为中心
Establishment of Legal Order in Regional States in Western Zhou Dynasty
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：王沛
单位：华东政法大学法律古籍整理研究所
中文关键词：西周邦国;法秩序;立法;司法;金文
英文关键词：Western Zhou regional states;legal order;legislation;judicature;bronze inscriptions
中文摘要：
受资料限制，以往学界对西周时代王畿之外的邦国法秩序知之甚少。近期公布的山东、山西、湖北出土之金文资料，为探讨相关问题提供了线索。将这些铭文信息连缀起来可发现，周人在邦国法秩序构建中恪守其“收放界限”，并未将自己的法度全面移植，而是各依其便，甚至主动学习土著部族的制度。与之相应的是，王朝的司法力量会积极参与到邦国的法秩序构建中。当邦国内部秩序被破坏或出现不稳定迹象时，周王或者体现周王权力的执政大臣会担任审判官的角色，通过审判权力重新恢复其内部秩序。在以法律手段管控异族邦国时，王朝侧重“司法手段”而非“立法手段”，即通过充当裁判者的角色确立王朝的权威，而并不倾向强加周人法度于异族。是为西周邦国法秩序构建的基本特征。
英文摘要：
In the past, due to the lack of historical materials, the academic world knew very little about the legal order of the regional states outside the capital area in West Zhou Dynasty. Recently, some bronze inscriptions excavated in the provinces of Shandong, Shanxi and Hubei have been published, providing researchers with clues to the relevant issues. During the Zhou Conquest, Zhou people did not comprehensively transplant their legal institutions into the colonized lands. On the contrary, the royal court was in favor of maintaining the status quo and permitted self-determination by the people in these lands. The court even made initiatives to learn about the institutions of indigenous tribes. Correspondingly, dynastic judicial force played an active part in the establishment of legal order in regional states. When the internal order in a regional state collapsed or was disrupted, the Zhou King or the ruling chancellor serving as the agent of the king would act as a judge and use adjudicative power to restore the internal order in that state. When using legal means to rule the regional states of alien races, the royal court concentrated on "judicial method" rather than "legislative method". It acted as a judge to establish the authority of Zhou instead of forcing its own legal institutions on alien races. This was the basic feature of the establishment of legal order in the Western Zhou regional states.
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