受贿犯罪保护法益与刑法第388条的解释
黎宏受贿犯罪保护法益与刑法第388条的解释
Protected Legal Interest in the Crime of Bribery and the Interpretation of Article 388 of the Chinese Criminal Law
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：黎宏
单位：清华大学法学院
中文关键词：受贿罪;斡旋受贿;职务行为的公正性;类似教唆犯
英文关键词：bribery crime;mediate bribery;fairness of duty behaviors;a crime similar to the crime of instigating others to commit a crime
中文摘要：
受贿犯罪的保护法益应当是国家工作人员职务行为的公正性。据此来理解受贿犯罪，则刑法分则第8章所规定的受贿犯罪不再只是“以权换利”，即侵害职务行为不可收买性的犯罪，而是扩展至行为人凭借其职权或者地位形成的便利条件，即影响力，进行利益交易的“影响力交易”犯罪，所侵害的不仅是行为人本人职务行为的公正性，还包括被其利用的其他国家工作人员职务行为的公正性。这种保护法益理解上的转变，使刑法第388条等在立法上具有了存在的理由。同时，行为人并非亲自以权获利，而是利用其他国家工作人员的职务行为间接获利的情况，使第388条受贿罪的主体具有了“类似教唆犯”的构造，从而使其在认定上具有了不同于刑法第385条所规定的一般受贿罪的若干特点。
英文摘要：
The protected legal interest in bribery crime should be "the fairness of duty behaviors" of public officials. The transformation of the protected legal interest in the bribery crime not only expands the penalty scope of the crime of bribery, but also changes the nature of the crime. As a result, the bribery crime regulated by Chapter Eight of Chinese Criminal Law is no longer a crime of "exchanging power for interest", namely, a crime of harming "the nature of duty behaviors which cannot be purchased", but rather a crime of "influence transaction" where the perpetrator takes advantage of their convenience, namely the influence deriving from his power or position, to undertake interest transaction. What it harms is not only "the fairness of duty behaviors" of the perpetrator himself, but also that of other public officials who have been utilized by him. This transformation of protected legal interest makes it possible for Article 388 of the Criminal Law and other such articles to exist in legislation. Meanwhile, the existence of situations in which the perpetrator obtains interest not directly by abusing his own power, but indirectly by utilizing the duty behaviors of other public officials gives Article 388 a structure similar to that on the crime of instigating others to commit a crime. This structure gives the bribery crime regulated by Article 388 characteristics that distinguish it from the common bribery crime regulated by Article 385.
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