行政行为程序瑕疵的指正
杨登峰行政行为程序瑕疵的指正
The Use of Zhi-zheng by Chinese Courts in Dealing with Procedural Flaws in Administrative Acts
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：杨登峰
单位：南京师范大学法学院, 南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院
中文关键词：行政行为;程序瑕疵;指正;确认违法
英文关键词：administrative act;procedure flaw;zhi-zheng;determination of illegitimacy
中文摘要：
在我国近年的行政诉讼实践中，对于行政行为的一些程序瑕疵，法院大量采用指正的方法加以处理。指正作为司法机关解决行政行为程序瑕疵的一种方法，仅于裁判理由中指出程序瑕疵之所在，但不否定行政行为的合法性，对行政行为效力也不产生任何负面影响。目前法院的指正，多以程序瑕疵未影响行政行为实体内容、未侵害利害关系人合法权益等为前提，没有划清指正与轻微程序违法确认之间的界限。本质上，指正是行政行为矫正方法多元化的一种表现，是人民法院在合法性审查权限范围之外对“程序不合理”与“其他行政瑕疵”的积极灵活处理，值得肯定和推广，但不可将构成违法的程序瑕疵纳入指正范围。
英文摘要：
In recent year, courts frequently use the method of "zhi-zheng" (pointing out a mistake so that it can be corrected) to deal with procedural flaws in administrative acts. This method only points out the procedural flaw in an administrative act without negating the legality of the act or having any negative impact on its effect. In judicial practice, the method of "zhi-zheng" can be used only in cases where the procedure flaw does not affect the substantive content of the administrative act or infringe upon the lawful rights or interests of an interest party and there is no clear distinction between "zhi-zheng" and the determination of minor procedural flaws. In essence, "zhi-zheng" is a manifestation of the diversification of the method for rectifying administrative acts and an active and flexible way by which people's courts deal with procedural and other administrative flaws outside their competence of legitimacy review. It seemed to be the result of procedure instrumentalism, but it is in fact a proactive application of the judicial power provided by articles 70 and 74 of the Chinese Administrative Procedure Law in accordance with the principles of procedure legality, procedure efficiency, and the convenience for the parties concerned. In a word, "zhi-zheng" is a method worthy of affirmation and popularization. However, it is important to note that this method should not be used on procedural flaws that constitute violation of law.
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