从基本权理论看法律行为之阻却生效要件——一个跨法域释义学的尝试
章程从基本权理论看法律行为之阻却生效要件——一个跨法域释义学的尝试
Invalidity of Legal Act from the Perspective of the Theory of Fundamental Rights
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：章程
单位：浙江大学光华法学院
中文关键词：阻却生效要件;基本权;比例原则;务实协调原则;跨法域释义学
英文关键词：elements of invalidity;fundamental rights;principle of proportionality;principle of practicality and coordination;hermeneutics issue relating to different branches of law
中文摘要：
法律行为因违法或悖俗而无效，向来是学界与实务聚讼的焦点。学界或借重域外学说，或整理本国案例，各种类型化的努力层出不穷。但就法学方法而言，无论何种类型化的研究，最终都必须走向释义学，才能提供稳定的评价系统。然而，法律行为阻却生效这一问题本质上涉及私法自治与其他价值的调和，已非奉私法自治为顶点的传统民法释义学所能涵盖，因此必须引入宪法基本权理论的视角，才能解决这一跨法域的释义学问题。依基本权理论，基本权的限制可以分为真正的基本权冲突与基于公益的基本权限制两类，从而限制法律行为的强制性规定与公序良俗也可分为基本权保护型和公益实现型两类规范。对于这两类规范的适用应采取不同的释义学框架，配合司法个案中自下而上的先例性规范抽取，以在此问题上最终建立起跨法域的释义学分析框架。
英文摘要：
The issue of invalidity of legal act on account of violation of public order has been the focus of debate among academics and practitioners of law for a long time.Different typological studies have been conducted by academics by relying on either foreign theories or the investigation of domestic cases.However,from the perspective of legal methodology,any kind of typological study must move towards hermeneutics,so that it can provide a stable evaluation system.Nevertheless,the invalidity of legal act essentially touches upon the reconciliation between autonomy of private law and other values,which is beyond the scope of the traditional framework of civil law hermeneutics that takes autonomy of private law as its apex.Therefore,we need to introduce the perspective of fundamental constitutional rights theory in order to clarify this hermeneutic issue involving different branches of law.According to the fundamental rights theory,restrictions on fundamental rights can be categorized into two categories,that is,restrictions based on real conflicts between fundamental rights and restrictions based on public interest.Accordingly,mandatory provisions and public order that restrict legal acts can also be divided into two categories:norms intended to protect fundamental rights and norms intended to achieve public interests.We should adopt different hermeneutic frameworks for the application of these two different types of norms and combine them with a bottom-up extraction of precedent norms from particular court cases,so as to eventually construct a cross-domain framework of hermeneutic analysis on this issue.
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