宅基地使用权的制度困局与破解之维
陈小君宅基地使用权的制度困局与破解之维
Institutional Dilemma Faced by the Right of the Use of the Rural House Sites and Its Solutions
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：陈小君
单位：广东外语外贸大学土地法制研究院
中文关键词：宅基地;三权分置;宅基地所有权;宅基地成员资格;宅基地使用权
英文关键词：house sites;“three rights division”;ownership of house sites;membership of house sites;right to the use house sites
中文摘要：
宅基地使用权的制度困局，源于宅基地承载的社会保障功能和经济价值功能间的冲突加剧，而流转开禁下的制度因应设计亦难点众多。破解之维，一是完善宅基地使用权取得规则，在取得条件上坚守宅基地使用权的身份属性和基本原则，肯认不同情形下的权利分野，丰富宅基地的申请与重新分配制度并完善配套法定程序；二是照应宅基地使用权流转开禁的现实需求并预设规制，其中宅基地使用权转让的边界、宅基地法定租赁权的制度设计、农房买卖和宅基地使用权抵押的实现路径为其重点；三是补全宅基地使用权消灭机制，完善宅基地使用权收回制度和自愿退出机制，积极探索以保障宅基地资格利益为核心的宅基地使用权回复路径。民法典物权编应以“得丧变更”为主线完整展开宅基地使用权制度的构建。
英文摘要：
The system of the right to the use of house sites is a weak point in China's rural land real right legislation. The institutional dilemma of the right to the use of house sites originates from the increasing conflicts between the social security function and the economic value function of house sites. To solve this dilemma, China should take the following measures:firstly, to improve the rules on the acquisition of the right to the use of house sites by adhering to the identity attribute and fundamental principles of the right to the use of house sites, recognizing the rights division in different situations, enriching the system of application for and reallocation of house sites, and perfecting the supporting legal procedures; secondly, to adopt regulations in light of the actual need of lifting the ban on the transfer of the right to the use of house sites, focusing on the rules on the boundaries of the transfer of the right to the use of house sites, the institutional design of the legal right to lease the house sites, the sale of farm houses and the mortgage of the right to the use of house sites; and thirdly, to establish a mechanism for the elimination of the right to the use of house sites, improve the mechanism for the recovery and voluntary withdraw of the right to the use of house sites, and active explore approaches to the reacquisition of the right to the use of house sites with the protection of the interest of house sites qualification as the core.
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