行政协议诉讼的制度构建

行政协议诉讼的制度构建

System Construction of Administrative Agreement Litigation

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：刘飞
    单位：中国政法大学中欧法学院
    中文关键词：行政协议;行政行为;行政诉讼受案范围;行政协议诉讼
    英文关键词：administrative agreement;administrative act;scope of administrative litigation;administrative agreement litigation
    中文摘要：
    我国行政诉讼制度系以“对具体行政行为是否合法进行审查”为中心构建的，行政协议引发的争议原本难以进入受案范围。通过将行政协议拆分为“行政行为”和“其他协议行为”两个部分，行政协议中的“行政行为”部分得以进入行政诉讼。此种做法尽管在某种程度上有助于争议的部分解决，却无法得到行政法学理的支撑。行政协议与行政行为同为行政机关的活动方式，二者之间应是并列关系。认清行政协议与行政行为的关系定位，是构建行政协议诉讼制度的关键性前提。我国尚未有实体法对行政协议及其制度构建作出明确规定。先期对行政诉讼制度加以调整，借助“行政争议”而非“行政行为”界定行政诉讼受案范围，有助于缓解当下制度设计与学理之间的紧张关系，为未来行政协议诉讼制度的构建提供必要的制度空间。
    英文摘要：
    According to the theory of administrative law and the current administrative substantive law in China, the Chinese administrative litigation system is based on the legitimacy-oriented review of specific administrative acts. As a result, administrative disputes arising from administrative agreements cannot be covered by the scope of accepting cases of administrative litigation. In order for an administrative agreement to enter into administrative litigation, an administrative act must be extracted from the administrative agreement. By dividing an administrative agreement into "administrative act" and "other acts of agreement", the administrative act arising therefrom can be covered by the scope of accepting cases of administrative litigation. This approach can contribute to dispute resolution to a certain extent, but cannot be supported by the theory of administrative law. In fact, an administrative agreement, which is an administrative activity similar to a specific administrative act, should be parallel with a specific administrative act. The precondition of establishing the administrative agreement litigation system is to clarify the relationship between administrative act and administrative agreement. Under the current Chinese legal system, there is still no substantial law providing for administrative agreement or its institutional construction. In order to establish an administrative agreement litigation system, China should first adjust the administrative litigation system and define the scope of administrative litigation by "administrative dispute" instead of "administrative act", so as to ease the tension between administrative litigation system and administrative litigation theory, and create an institutional space for the establishment of the system in the future.
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