刑事辩护率:差异化及其经济因素分析——以四川省2015-2016年一审判决书为样本
左卫民,张潋瀚刑事辩护率:差异化及其经济因素分析——以四川省2015-2016年一审判决书为样本
Criminal Defense Rate: Differentiation and Its Economic Factor
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：左卫民,张潋瀚
单位：四川大学法学院,四川大学法学院
中文关键词：刑事辩护率;经济因素;指定辩护
英文关键词：defense rate;economic factors;designated defense
中文摘要：
对四川省2015-2016年五万余份上网刑事一审判决书的分析，不仅揭示了辩护率的整体情况，更展示了辩护率在法院层级、地区、审理程序、犯罪类型等方面的差异。这些差异主要由特定的法律、经济、社会等因素所决定，但尤其值得关注的是经济因素。为提升刑事程序的公正性，必须控制乃至消除经济因素对辩护率的影响，减少不适当的辩护率差异。具体的策略是继续加大国家的财政投入，将被告人的经济状况作为“应当”指定辩护的重要指标。
英文摘要：
An analysis of more than 50,000 criminal judgments of first instance in Sichuan Province in 2015 and 2016, published on the China Judgments Online website, can not only reveal the criminal defense rate as a whole, but also directly show differences in defense rate in court level, jurisdiction, trial procedure, and type of cases. Among the legal, economic, and social factors that determine the differentiation, the economic factor, which has crucial impact on defense rate, is worth paying attention to. To put it simply, the existence of economic factor means that poor defendants are less likely to be defended than rich defendants. In increasingly sophisticated and specialized modern criminal litigation, the significance of defense lawyers to the defendant can never be overemphasized. In a sense, the issue of the economic factor in the field the criminal defense is analogous to the issue of equality and access to justice. In order to promote the justice of criminal procedures, negative effects of the economic factor have to be controlled and inappropriate rate differentiation should be reduced. Current reforms, including the scheme of on-duty legal aid lawyers and the pilot program of the full coverage of defense lawyers in criminal cases, are undoubtedly of great significance to reducing the negative effect of the economic factor, but they also have limitations. This paper proposes the renewal of the idea of allocating criminal defense resources on the basis of the level of defendant's poverty and construct a corresponding system. Concrete steps, such as continuously expanding state investment, routinely checking defendants' economic status and using it as an essential indicator for granting compulsory designated lawyers, should be taken.
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