行政复议法的修改与完善——以“实质性解决行政争议”为视角
王万华行政复议法的修改与完善——以“实质性解决行政争议”为视角
Revision of Administrative Reconsideration Law from the Perspective of Substantive Solution of Administrative Disputes
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：王万华
单位：中国政法大学
中文关键词：行政复议法；实质性解决行政争议；程序终结；实质救济
英文关键词：administrative reconsideration law, substantive solution of administrative disputes, termination of legal procedure, substantive remedy
中文摘要：
“实质性解决行政争议”主要包含两方面内容：行政诉讼程序终结后未再启动新的法律程序；行政实体法律关系经由行政诉讼程序获得实质处理。相较于行政诉讼，行政复议具有更大空间实现“实质性解决行政争议”。经由复议体制改革和复议程序制度改革，行政复议制度的立法定位逐渐由内部监督机制向行政争议解决机制转型，有必要将“实质性解决行政争议”引入行政复议法的修订中。未来的行政复议机构应与政府法制工作机构分离，在行政复议机关之下直接设立专门的行政复议机构，组织形式采用行政复议委员会模式而非行政复议局模式；复议案件审理模式的建构，应强调发挥复议机构的能动性，在引入直接言词原则的基础上采职权主义；复议决定体系的完善，应建构以变更决定和明确履职内容的履职决定为主的复议决定体系，侧重对行政实体法律关系直接进行调整，与以撤销之诉为核心的行政诉讼形成合理分工。
英文摘要：
The issue of “substantive solution of administrative disputes” mainly consists of two aspects: first, nobody starts new legal procedure after the termination of administrative litigation process; and second, administrative substantive legal relations get substantive handling through administrative procedure. Compared with administrative litigation, administrative reconsideration provides more room for achieving the goal of substantive solution of administrative disputes. Through the reform of the organization and procedure of administrative reconsideration, the legislative orientation of administrative reconsideration has gradually changed from that of an inner supervision mechanism to that of an administrative dispute resolution mechanism. As a result, it is necessary to introduce “substantive solution of administrative disputes” into the revision of the Administrative Reconsideration Law. In the future, the following revisions should be made to the administrative reconsideration system: the office responsible for administrative reconsideration should be separated from the office responsible for legal affairs under the government and should take the organizational form of administrative reconsideration commission instead of administrative reconsideration bureau; in the construction of the reconsideration hearing model, emphasis should be laid on giving full play to the initiatives of the office responsible for administrative reconsideration affairs and the inquisitorial system should be adopted on the basis of introducing the principle of direct and oral trial. The administrative reconsideration decision system should take the decision on the alteration of administrative act and the decision ordering the performance of statutory duty as the main decision types. It should put particular emphasis on the direct adjustment of substantive administrative legal relations and form a reasonable division of labor with administrative litigation system, which takes the action for revocation as its core.
全文阅读： 点击下载
