司法人工智能的重塑效应及其限度

司法人工智能的重塑效应及其限度

Reshaping Effects of Judicial Artificial Intelligence and Their Limits

    期刊名称：《法学研究》
    期刊年份：
    作者：马长山
    单位：华东政法大学
    中文关键词：司法人工智能;可视正义;数字正义;智慧司法
    英文关键词：judicial AI; visual justice; digital justice; smart justice
    中文摘要：
    人工智能技术的司法应用，开启了从“接近正义”迈向“可视正义”的历史进程，引发了司法运行机制的深刻变革，通过司法过程场景化、司法规则代码化、司法决策建模化、司法服务管理智慧化重塑着司法过程，大大提升了智慧司法的社会效能。但司法人工智能亦有其内在限度。算法决策要达到绝对的客观和精准并非易事，面对复杂疑难案件，其能够促进形式正义，却很难实现实质正义。发挥人工智能对司法的优化重塑效应，应与对人工智能的风险防范同步进行。需针对算法决策设立相应的规制和救济机制，注入公开、公平和责任理念，进而兴利除弊，促进科技向善和打造良性发展的智慧司法，更好地实现“可视正义”。
    英文摘要：
    The judicial application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is giving rise to the historical transition from “access to justice” to “visual justice”, leading to profound reform of the judicial operational mechanism, and reshaping the judicial process through recreated scene, digital coding of legal texts, modeling of judicial decision making and intelligent service management, thereby greatly improving the social efficiency of intelligent justice. However, the application of AI in the judicial realm has its inherent limits. For instance, algorithmic decision-making is not fully capable of absolute objectiveness and accuracy. When dealing with sophisticated and complex cases, it can promote procedural justice, but is faced with great difficulties in realizing substantive justice. In order to give full play to the function of AI in optimizing and reshaping the judicial process, it is necessary to regulate the use of AI and minimize its risks, establish regulatory and remedial mechanisms for algorithmic decision-making, introduce the ideas of openness, fairness and accountability, give full play to the advantages of technology and eliminate its harmful effect, promote the idea of “tech for social good” and the positive development of smart court, and better realize “visual justice”.
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