非法人组织与其他组织的关系困局及其破解
谭启平非法人组织与其他组织的关系困局及其破解
Dilemma of the Relationship Between “Unincorporated Organizations” and “Other Organizations” and Its Solution
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：谭启平
单位：西南政法大学民商法学院
中文关键词：非法人组织;其他组织;民事主体;诉讼主体
英文关键词：unincorporated organizations; other organizations; civil subjects; litigation subjects
中文摘要：
就非法人组织与其他组织的相互关系，目前在立法、理论与实务中均存在“区分论”和“同一论”之争。“区分论”乃立足于对我国民法典第102条和“民诉法解释”第52条的文义解释，在纵向上切断了非法人组织概念与此前立法的历史脉络，横向上割裂了民法与其他立法的关联结构，无助于非法人组织制度权利保障和法律规制功能的实现，应予摒弃。非法人组织与其他组织的关系应定位于以体系、历史及目的解释得出的“同一论”。在此基础上，应以“打包”修法方式将主体意义上的“其他组织”统一为“非法人组织”，并通过引入“其他法人或非法人组织”及“无权利能力组织”的立法表达，让非主体意义的“其他组织”专指特定组织之外的所有组织体，从而实现法秩序中第三类民事主体概念的融贯统一。
英文摘要：
Currently, there are two opposing theories, namely the "division theory" and the "identity theory", on the relationship between "unincorporated organizations" and "other organizations" in legislation, theory and practice. The "division theory", which is based on the interpretation of Article 102 of the Chinese Civil Code and Article 52 of the Judicial Interpretation of the Civil Procedure Law, longitudinally cuts off the historical connection between the concept of "unincorporated organization" and the previous legislation and horizontally splits the related structure of civil law and other legislations, and therefore should be abandoned. The relationship between "unincorporated organizations" and "other organizations" should be explained by the "identity theory", which is based on the explanation of system, history and purpose. On this basis, China should incorporate "other organizations" in the subjective sense into "unincorporated organizations" through package amendment and, through the introduction of such legislative expressions as "other legal or unincorporated organizations" and "incapability organizations", let "other organizations" in the non-subjective sense to refer specifically to all organizations other than specific organization, thereby realize the integration and unification of the concept of the third type of civil subject in the legal order.
全文阅读： 点击下载
