民事诉讼撤销原判决之程序违法事由
占善刚民事诉讼撤销原判决之程序违法事由
Procedural Violation Cause for the Revocation of Original Judgment
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：占善刚
单位：武汉大学环境法研究所、法学院
中文关键词：程序违法;撤销原判;因果关系;严重违反法定程序
英文关键词：procedural violation; revocation of original judgment; causation; serious violation of statutory procedure
中文摘要：
在民事诉讼中，程序违法乃当事人不服判决的原因。二审法院撤销原判决应以程序违法与判决结论之间有因果关系为要件，这不仅是判决理由没有既判力的内在要求，也是对上诉以纠正错误裁判为目的的必然回应。现行民事诉讼法将“严重违反法定程序”作为撤销原判的程序违法事由，不仅未能因应当事人的不服，也抹煞了撤销原判决与发回重审之间应有的功能界限，侵蚀了当事人的上诉利益。撤销原判决的程序违法事由应回归“原判决违反法定程序，可能影响案件正确判决”之立法设计。程序违法与判决结论之间因果关系的认定采“可能性”标准，“民诉法解释”中规定的“严重违反法定程序”具有不可反驳地推定程序违法与判决结论之间有因果关系之意义。
英文摘要：
In civil litigation, procedural violation is one of the reasons for a party's refusal to accept the judgment. The revocation of the original judgement by the appeal court should be based on the causal relationship between the procedural violation and the judgment, which is both the inherent requirement of the principle that the judgment reason has no res judicata and the inevitable response to the appeal for the purpose of correcting the wrong judgment. The current Civil Procedure Law, by taking “serious violation of statutory procedure” as the procedural violation cause of revocation of the original judgment, not only fails to respond to the parties' dissatisfaction, but also obliterates the functional boundary between revocation of the original judgment and remand for retrial, thereby eroding the appeal interests of the parties. The procedure violation cause for the revocation of original judgment should return to its original legislative design, namely “in the original judgment a violation of the prescribed procedure may have affected the correctness of the judgment”. The standard of “possibility” should be adopted to determine the causal relationship between procedural violation and the judgment. The “serious violation of statutory procedure” stipulated in the People's Supreme Court's Interpretation of Civil Procedure Law can be irrefutable presumption of the causal relationship between procedural violation and judgment.
全文阅读： 点击下载
