集体经营性资产股份合作与农村集体经济组织之关系重构
宋志红集体经营性资产股份合作与农村集体经济组织之关系重构
Reconstruction of the Relationship Between Collective Operational Assets Shareholding Cooperation and Rural Collective Economic Organizations
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：宋志红
单位：
中文关键词：农村集体经济组织;股份合作;集体经营性资产;集体土地
英文关键词：rural collective economic organization; shareholding cooperation; collective operational assets; collective land
中文摘要：
农村集体产权制度改革围绕新型农村集体经济组织的设立和运行展开，集体经营性资产股份合作作为改革的重点任务，被“内嵌”于农村集体经济组织的治理结构之中，股份合作的载体——股份经济合作社本身被定性为农村集体经济组织，并成为行使全部集体资产所有权的主体。此种操作模式使农村集体经济组织行使集体土地所有权的核心职能被集体经营性资产股份合作的光环所“遮蔽”，导致集体土地所有权被变相股份合作，农村集体经济组织陷入股权管理困境。解困之策是将集体经营性资产股份合作从“内嵌”转向“外置”，让股份合作的载体以农村集体经济组织出资设立的法人企业的身份存在，而非以农村集体经济组织本体存在。这一新的操作模式可以有效克服“内嵌”模式的弊端，在促使农村集体经济组织回归其核心职能的同时，也有利于充分释放集体经营性资产活力，是兼顾公平与效率的最优选择。
英文摘要：
The current reform of the rural collective property rights system is carried out around the establishment and operation of new rural collective economic organizations. Collective operational assets shareholding cooperation, as a key task of reform, is “embedded” in the governance structure of rural collective economic organizations, and the carriers of shareholding cooperation, namely shareholding economic cooperatives themselves, are characterized as the rural collective economic organizations and thus become the main bodies exercising the ownership of all collective assets. Because of this “embedded” model, the core function of rural collective economic organizations exercising collective land ownership is “obscured” by the halo effect of collective operational asset shareholding cooperation, and as a result, collective land ownership is shareholding cooperated in a converted way, and rural collective economic organizations fall into management dilemmas. The strategy to alleviate these difficulties is to transform the model of shareholding cooperation of collective operational assets from the “embedded” one to an “external” one, so that the carriers of shareholding cooperation exist as legal person enterprises funded by rural collective economic organizations, rather than rural collective economic organizations themselves. This “external” model can effectively overcome the drawbacks of the “embedded” model, help rural collective economic organizations to return to their core functions, and be conducive to fully releasing the vitality of collective operational assets, thus is the best choice for both fairness and efficiency.
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