自然资源资产国家所有权委托代理的法律性质
汪志刚自然资源资产国家所有权委托代理的法律性质
Legal Nature of Agency by Agreement Applicable to State Ownership of Natural Resource Assets
期刊名称：《法学研究》
期刊年份：
作者：汪志刚
单位：
中文关键词：自然资源资产;国家所有权;委托代理;所有者职责;监管权
英文关键词：natural resource assets; state ownership; agency by agreement; responsibilities of the owner; supervision power
中文摘要：
自然资源资产国家所有权委托代理机制试点中，存在委托代理法律性质处理难题。委托代理试点顶层设计的核心逻辑是民法逻辑，其概念和理论基础为自然资源资产国家所有权的概念及其民事权利定性；主体构造机理为在行政机关组织结构逻辑上叠加民法法人的组织结构逻辑，进而实现所有权委托代理行使主体的具体化；客体范围确定依据为所有权行使可适用委托代理、监管权不适用委托代理；法律形式为以编制自然资源清单的方式实施委托授权。这种委托代理性质上应属于部分事务委托和部分事务委托代理共同构成的综合民事委托和代理，同时又是由所有权代表行使主体授予代理权形成的以国家为被代理人的代理，依法可与国家所有权代表行使和法定代理行使一样，适用以自身名义代国家实施行为并代国家独立承担法律责任的规则。
英文摘要：
In the implementation of the pilot project on agency by agreement in the field of state ownership of natural resources, there are disputes over the legal nature of agency by agreement. This mechanism takes the logic of civil law as the basic logic of its top-level design, and takes the concept of the state ownership of natural resource assets and its civil rights characterization as its conceptual and theoretical basis. It superimposes the organization structural logic of the civil legal persons upon that of administrative organs to realize the concretization of ownership-exercising subjects. The basis for determining the scope of agency objects is the distinction between the state ownership of natural resource assets and the natural resources supervision power, with the agency system applicable to the former but not to the latter. The legal form of authorization is the making of the list of natural resources. In nature, this kind of agency should belong to the “comprehensive civil entrustment and agency” composed of the entrustment of some affairs and the agency of some other affairs. At the same time, it is also a double-authorized agency with the state as the principal, which is generated by the authorization of the representative. Under the current law, the special rule on the exercise of state ownership by a representative or by a legal agent, according to which the representative or agent performs the act in his own name and independently bears the legal responsibility, can also be applied to this kind of agency.
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